This session features Jesse Fenty, an intellectual property attorney and Howard University alumnus, in conversation with Valencia, Deputy Commissioner at the USPTO and also a Howard graduate. They discuss the importance and nuances of intellectual property (IP), focusing on patents, trademarks, and copyrights. Valencia shares her extensive career at the USPTO, emphasizing patent quality, international harmonization, and inclusion in innovation. They explain how patents protect inventions — from utility to design patents — and highlight that patents grant exclusive rights for 20 years in exchange for public disclosure. The speakers stress that IP is a vital business tool, not a guaranteed money-maker, but essential for protecting and commercializing ideas. They address emerging technologies like blockchain, NFTs, and the metaverse, acknowledging challenges in IP law adapting to these innovations. Valencia highlights USPTO programs supporting small inventors, including pro bono legal help and pro se assistance. Finally, they discuss future challenges for the USPTO, such as keeping laws aligned with advancing technology, ensuring patent reliability, and fostering inclusive innovation by reaching underserved communities nationwide. The session closes with appreciation for Valencia’s impactful career and commitment to empowering all innovators.